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Orthopaedics

What is orthopaedics?

Orthopaedics is a surgical speciality whose purpose is the prevention or correction of pathologies of the musculoskeletal system (bones, joints, muscles, tendons and nerves). The field of application includes the thoracic and pelvic limbs as well as the spine.

 

Among the most common orthopaedic conditions in dogs and cats, we frequently find:

 

  • fractures (often of traumatic origin),
  • ligamentous injuries (case of the cranial cruciate ligament of the knee),
  • dysplasia (of the hips or elbows being the most represented and debilitating),
  • growth anomalies or bone tumours.

🦴 When to have orthopaedic surgery?

Orthopaedic surgeries require a precise diagnosis using a complete clinical examination (rule out or find a general or concomitant pathology), a specific neurological and orthopaedic examination. Indeed, some orthopaedic consultations take place in a traumatic context (fall from a floor, patient hit by a vehicle). The priority at admission is then to:

  1. stabilize the patient in shock
  2. establish a complete injury assessment (e.g. do not focus on a fracture of the tibia and do not see pulmonary contusions or bladder rupture)
  3. establish a diagnostic and therapeutic plan with the owner
  4. schedule the surgical intervention

Unless there is an obvious or certain diagnosis, additional examinations will be necessary, discussed and carried out in agreement with the owner / referring veterinarians sometimes.

 

It is important to remember that pain management and temporarily stabilizing a fracture is the priority. The surgical stage in the operating room is performed when the patient is stable and able to tolerate anaesthesia for several hours.

 

Orthopaedic surgery consists of reducing the fracture and then stabilizing it using implants such as screws, pins, plates or external fixators and sometimes plaster / resin.

 

 

To learn more about orthopaedic surgery, check out our case study on treating hip dysplasia in dogs:

 

Hip Dysplasia in Dogs

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